The Brazilian energy matrix is undergoing a significant transformation, driven by the growing adoption of Distributed Generation (DG). This innovative model allows consumers to become producers of their own electricity, using renewable sources such as solar, wind, biomass, and small hydroelectric plants. In addition to diversifying the energy matrix, DG promotes a positive impact on the country’s sustainability and economy.
What is Distributed Generation?
Distributed Generation refers to the production of electricity at or near the point of consumption. Since 2012, the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) has regulated this modality, allowing consumers to install small generators. When production exceeds consumption, the energy is injected into the power grid, generating credits that can be used to offset consumption at other times.
This model democratizes access to energy, reduces dependence on large power plants, and minimizes losses related to transmission and distribution. More than just an energy solution, DG is consolidated as an essential strategy for transitioning to a sustainable development model.
The Growth of DG in Brazil
Brazil has been experiencing accelerated growth in DG. According to the Energy Research Company (EPE), the country reached an installed capacity of 34.2 GW in solar energy in October 2023, which now represents about 15.6% of the national electric matrix. This advancement reflects the growing adoption of clean and decentralized technologies by residential, business, and governmental consumers.
The transition to DG brings several benefits: in addition to strengthening energy security, it reduces costs for consumers, encourages the conscious use of resources, and promotes the creation of green jobs. According to estimates by Absolar (Brazilian Association of Solar Photovoltaic Energy), the solar sector has already created over 500,000 jobs in Brazil since 2012.
Examples of Innovation: Solário Carioca
One project that illustrates the impact of DG is Solário Carioca, developed in Rio de Janeiro. Led by the consortium formed by GNPW Group and V-Power Energia, the project is transforming a former landfill in Santa Cruz into a modern solar power plant. With an investment of approximately R$ 45 million, a photovoltaic park with more than 11,000 solar panels will be installed, covering an area of 11,400 square meters.
The project not only repurposes a degraded area but also provides clean energy to supply public buildings such as schools and healthcare units, generating an annual saving of approximately R$ 2 million for the municipal budget. This initiative is an example of how DG can be integrated into urban sustainability projects, combining economic and social benefits.
Eva Energia: Biogas as a Sustainable Alternative
Another example of innovation in DG is Eva Energia, which uses biogas derived from landfills and pig farming as an energy source. This model enables the conversion of organic waste into electricity, promoting a clean and efficient solution for distributed generation. Additionally, it contributes to reducing methane emissions, one of the most potent greenhouse gases.
This approach is particularly relevant in rural areas, where the potential for waste utilization is high, generating economic benefits for producers and local communities. Projects like this reinforce DG’s capacity to integrate sustainability and innovation.
Challenges and Perspectives
Although DG brings clear benefits, challenges must be overcome. The national electrical infrastructure needs modernization to handle the decentralization of production. Additionally, regulatory issues, such as the new legal framework established by Law 14.300/2022, still require adjustments to ensure a balance between consumer and distributor interests.
However, the outlook is promising. The combination of technological advances, government incentives, and greater environmental awareness points to a future where DG will play a central role in Brazil’s energy matrix. Studies indicate that by 2030, DG could represent more than 25% of the country’s installed capacity.
The Sustainable Future of Energy
Distributed Generation is more than a trend: it is a necessity for Brazil’s sustainable future. Projects like Solário Carioca and initiatives like Eva Energia demonstrate how innovation can turn challenges into opportunities. By investing in DG, Brazil not only ensures a cleaner energy matrix but also promotes economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental preservation.
The future of energy is being built now, and Distributed Generation is an essential piece of this puzzle. The commitment to sustainability and innovation will shape not only how we consume energy but also the impact we leave for future generations.
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